海南岛近海海域7个沉积岩芯的现代沉积速率及其分布特征   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

许冬  龙江平  钱江初  席鹏 《海洋学研究》2008,26(3):9-17

利用多道α能谱仪,对2005年8～9月在海南岛近海采集的7个沉积岩芯进行了210Pb的沉积速率测定,探讨了海南岛近海陆架上现代沉积速率的区域性分布特征,结果表明:位于港湾内的B1168站位由于沉积物供应充足,有最高的沉积速率,达2.9 cm/a;位于河口海湾附近且受沿岸流影响的B289站位,有很高的沉积速率,可达1.6 cm/a,沉积环境较稳定;位于西南海底沙脊区北缘且靠近昌化江河口的B97、B135、B10站位也有较高沉积速率,分别达到1.0、0.89和0.47 cm/a,在表层都出现了210Pb放射性活度倒置的现象,表明所处区域有较强混合作用;处于西南外陆架的C4站位受北部湾环流影响,沉积速率为0.6 cm/a;位于东部外陆架的B377站位处于上升流区,沉积速率较低,为0.21 cm/a.可见,海南岛近海陆架上的现代沉积速率存在着明显的区域分布:在物质来源丰富的沿岸流作用区和河口区附近,现代沉积速率很高;在陆架环流沉积作用区,现代沉积速率也较高;在水深较大的外陆架上,由于沉积物供应相对匮乏,沉积速率一般较低;在近岸潮流沙脊区,由于水动力很强,无法形成现代细粒沉积.同时,在陆架上,沉积速率有随着水深的增加而降低的趋势.由此可见,海南岛近海海域的沉积速率与该区的物质供应、水动力条件和海底地形等因素有密切关系.  相似文献   

海底隧道防排水技术浅析——以厦门翔安海底隧道为例     

许文锋 《台湾海峡》2009,28(1):102-106

由于海底隧道的特殊性，其防排水技术与一般陆地隧道有着显著区别，本文介绍了厦门翔安海底隧道的防排水方案设计情况，对方案实施效果进行了评估．得出了海底隧道防排水应结合围岩与支护的自防水功能采取以堵为主的原则，并针对海底隧道防排水方案实施中的问题，提出了对初期支护背后注浆是重点，改进注浆材料等建议．从而论述了防排水技术是海底隧道工程建设的核心问题．  相似文献   

船载ADCP资料的潮流分离方法在厦门港断面重复走航中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄奖  葛勇 《台湾海峡》2009,28(1):123-129

本文运用Candela等提出的潮流分离方法，选用高斯函数作为基函数，采用Matlab程序，首次对厦门港嵩鼓水道的船载ADCP断面重复走航资料进行潮流分离计算．通过对14个计算点的Candela方法计算结果与引进差比关系准调和分析方法计算结果的分析比较可见：（1）两种方法计算所得余流在大、小潮的相关系数分别为0．9882和0．8521，余流相对误差在大、小潮分别为0．065和0．150，而所得余流方向在大、小潮的相关系数分别为0．9982和0．9865，余流方向相对误差在大、小潮分别为0．023和0．027．两种方法计算的余流及其方向的相关性很高（在样本数为14，置信度为α=1％时，相关系数大于0．6610，结果是可信的），而平均相对误差也很小．（2）对14个计算点的M2、S2、K1、O1、M4和MS4等6个分潮的计算结果（共有84个样本数据）进行分析比较，两种方法计算所得6个分潮的长轴、长轴方向和短轴在大潮的相关系数分别为0．9838、0．8960和0．2335，而在小潮的相关系数分别为0．9656、0．7555和0．2209．这两种方法计算所得6个分潮的长轴、长轴方向和短轴在大潮的平均相对误差分别为0．375、0．071和0．753，而在小潮的平均相对误差分别为0．287、0．254和0．845．两种方法计算的分潮长轴及其方向的相关性很高（在样本数为84，置信度为α=1％时，相关系数大于0．283，结果是可信的）．相应的分潮长轴的相关性略低，但是在样本数为84，置信度为α=5％时，相关系数均大于0．217．可认为在置信度为α=5％时，计算结果是可信的，而平均相对误差则略显较大．综上所述，我们认为采用Candela等的方法对船载ADCP断面重复走航资料进行潮流分离计算是可行的．  相似文献   

大嵛山附近海域游泳动物种类组成和资源现状及其变化分析     

宋普庆  许章程  朱小明  王初升 《台湾海峡》2009,28(2):244-253

2006年1月～10月福建闽东大嵛山附近海域游泳动物调查研究结果表明,该海域的游泳动物有97种,其中鱼类51种（软骨鱼1种,硬骨鱼类50种）,隶属于9目24科42属;甲壳类42种,隶属于2目15科20属;头足类4种,隶属于3目3科3属.暖水性种类为33种,占鱼类总种数的64.7%;暖温性鱼类18种,占鱼类总种数的35.3%,未出现冷温性和冷水性鱼类.种类数的季节变化依次呈夏季〉冬季〉秋季〉春季.生物量的季节变化,依次呈夏季〉秋季〉春季〉冬季;而生物量尾数的季节变化,依次呈夏季〉春季〉秋季〉冬季.平均单位网次渔获生物量和密度分别为9.53kg/h和1 319 ind/h.生物量优势种和密度优势种分别为大黄鱼和中华管鞭虾.扫海面积法估算年平均现存资源量为57 370 ind/km^2和404.51kg/km^2.同时,本文对该海域游泳生物的资源结构现状与历史调查数据作了对比分析,并讨论了多样性结构与生物量的季节性变化规律.结果表明,该海域渔业资源有严重衰退的现象,多样性结构与生物量的季节性变化并不具有必然的一致性.  相似文献   

涠洲岛潮滩表层沉积物中重金属的空间分布及其环境质量评价   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

唐璐璐  陈志华  印萍  张军强 《海洋湖沼通报》2009,(2)

根据2006年4月对涠洲岛潮滩表层沉积物的调查资料,分析了表层沉积物中重金属元素Hg、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、As的含量水平及空间分布特征,运用单因子评价法对其环境质量进行了评估,并通过相关性分析、因子分析探讨了几种重金属元素的物源.结果表明:涠洲岛潮滩环境质量状况良好,各元素均未达到污染水平,多数地区存在Cu的玷污,个别地区存在As的玷污;各分析元素较多的累积在人为活动相对频繁的XKZ、W05断面附近区域;Hg、Cu、Zn、Cr显著正相关,以环境背景来源为主,Pb、As较多的受到人为因素的影响.  相似文献   

A culture-dependent survey of thermophilic bacteria from hot springs in Xiamen area in China     

YANG Bo  OUYANG Jianping  AO Jingqun  CHEN Xinhua 《海洋学报(英文版)》2009,28(1):62-71

Microbes are believed to play important roles in ecosystem function in many environments. The hot springs of Xiamen Island are close to the Xiamen Sea, and may have some characteristics different from those of inland hot springs. Microbes living in the hot springs of Xiamen may have new characteristics. However, little is known about microbial communities of hot springs close to the Xiamen Sea. A culturedependent survey of microbial population in the Xiamen hot springs was performed by using an approach combining total cellular protein profile identification and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A total of 328 isolates of bacteria were obtained from liquid and sediment samples from the Xiamen hot springs, including neutrophilic thermophilic bacteria and moderately thermophilic acidophiles. Neutrophilic thermophilic bacteria, which grow at a temperature range of 55—90℃ including Rhodothermus marinus (Strain 1), Thermus thermophilus (Strain 2), Thermus thiopara (Strain 3), Geobacillus stearothermophilus (Strain 4), Geobacillus thermoleovorans (Strain 5), and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes (Strain 6), were recovered by 2216E plates. Moderately thermophilic acidophiles, which can grow at temperatures above 50℃ and a pH range of 1.8—3.5 such as Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris (Strain 8), Sulfobacillus acidophilus (Strain 9), and Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans (Strain 10), were isolated on selective solid medium containing sulfur and Fe2+. Among these strains, Rhodothermus marinus, Thermus thermophilus and Geobacillus stearothermophilus are not only thermophiles, but also halophiles. One bacterium strain (Strain 6) shared 99% nucleotide sequence homology with Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, but was quite different from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes in biological characteristics, suggesting that it may represent a novel thermophilic species. Results indicated that various species of neutrophilic thermophiles and moderately thermophilic acidophiles were widely distributed in the Xiamen hot springs and that Rhodothermus marinus and Thermus thermophilus dominated the cultivable microbial community.  相似文献   

Denitrification in Qi''ao Island coastal zone, the Zhujiang Estuary in China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

WANG Hu  ZHOU Huaiyang  PENG Xiaotong  YANG Qunhui  QIN Chaomei  YIN Xijie  CHEN Guangqian 《海洋学报(英文版)》2009,28(1):37-46

Samples of sediments and the overlying water were collected in the Qi'ao Island coastal zone, the Zhujiang (Pearl River) Estuary (ZE). Denitrification rates, sediment oxygen demand (SOD) , and fluxes of inorganic nitrogen compounds were investigated with N2 flux method, using a self-designed continuous flow through and auto-sampling system. The results indicate that the denitrification rates varied between 222 and 908 μmol/(m2·h) with an average of 499 μmol/(m2·h). During incubation, the sediments absorbed dissolved oxygen in the overlying water with SOD ranging from 300 to 2 363 μmol/(m2·h). The denitrification rates were highly correlated with the SOD (r2 =0.77) regardless of the NO3- + NO2- concentrations in the overlying water, organ- ic carbon contents in sediments and water temperature, suggesting that the SOD was probably the main environ-mental factor controlling the denitrification in the Qi'ao Island coastal zone. There was a net flux of NO3- + NO2-into the sediments from the overlying water. The NH4+ flux from sediments into water as the result of mineraliza-tion was between 12. 3 and 210. 3 μmol/(m2·h) ,which seems limited by both organic carbon content in sedi-ment and dissolved oxygen concentration in the overlying water.  相似文献   

海南岛西北部莲花山周缘海相地层的区内对比及意义     

姚衍桃  詹文欢  孙金龙  刘再峰  詹美珍 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2009,(3)

根据岩性、产状和地貌等特征,对海南岛西北部莲花山周缘海岸出露的前全新世海相地层5个典型剖面进行区内对比,以恢复该套地层的产出序列,并推测海相地层的分布范围。结合海相地层的沉积时代和莲花山周缘海岸的地貌特征,探讨了该海岸带的地貌演化过程:中更新世以前,有河流自东南向西北经德义岭、莲花山入海,海相地层沉积区属于滨岸环境,是该海岸带当时受海水进退作用的主要区域,接受着波浪从北面、河流从南面带来的沉积物;中更新世至今,受雷琼地区火山活动的影响,河流被隆起的火山锥阻挡而截流或改道,海相地层沉积区则被抬升成为陆地,并在全新世海岸侵蚀作用下,形成了现今宽广的海蚀平台,海岸后退平均速率约为10 cm/a。  相似文献   

Mathematical modelling of sea water intrusion,Nauru Island     

F. Ghassemi  A. J. Jakeman  G. Jacobson 《水文研究》1990,4(3):269-281

A two-dimensional finite element model for density dependent groundwater flow was calibrated to simulate sea water intrusion in Nauru Island in the Central Pacific Ocean. Nauru Island occupies an area of 22 km² and supports a population of 8500. The island has been mined for its phosphate deposits and current reserves indicate that the mine has about eight years life remaining. The water supply of the island is about one third dependent on imported water which is also used as ballast on the phosphate ships. Imported water will not be available in the future, and a hydrogeological investigation shows that the island is underlain by a fresh water layer, less than 5 m thick. The freshwater layer overlies a thick transition zone of brackish water which in turn overlies sea water. Simulation of several management options shows that it is possible to substitute current importation of fresh water by careful extraction from the groundwater resources of the island.  相似文献   

厦门-金门海域表层沉积物中重金属铜铅锌镉的含量分布   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

洪丽玉  陈伟琪  洪华生  徐立  王新红 《台湾海峡》2000,19(4):441-445

1995年 1 0月调查研究了厦门 金门海域表层沉积物中重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的含量 ,Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的平均浓度分别为 1 6 .6、5 2 .6、1 0 4、0 .2 0 5 (× 1 0 -6m/m ,干重 )。根据底质标准 ,Pb、Zn明显超标。从平面分布看 ,厦门岛南部海区(XJ1～XJ4号站 )的重金属含量高于北部海区 (XJ5～XJ7号站 ) ,北部海区又高于东部海区 (XJ9、R1、R2号站 ) ,尤其是南部海区的XJ1、XJ2、XJ3号站其含量明显较高。这一分布特征表明除了九龙江河流对该海域的贡献外 ,西海域的输入也是一个重要的因素。位于东部海区的XJ9、R1、R2号站 ,从XJ9至较靠近金门的R1、R2号站 ,重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的含量略有回升 ,其来源有待于进一步分析探讨。  相似文献